Zambia is currently in the research phase, according to reporting by Bloomberg. Bank of Zambia official Nkatya Kabwe said, “The results of the research will form part of the input in the policy considerations on whether to introduce a central bank digital currency in Zambia.”

A full analysis of the CBDC developments in Zambia and Zambia’s treatment of civil liberties is forthcoming.

In the meantime, for additional information on concerns regarding violations of human rights and civil liberties, see the following reports by Amnesty International, Financial Tyranny Index, Freedom House, Human Rights Watch, Privacy International, and the U.S. Department of State. For additional information on concerns regarding the risks of CBDCs, see the following webpage and report by the Cato Institute: The Risks of CBDCs and Central Bank Digital Currency: Assessing the Risks and Dispelling the Myths.

For additional information regarding metrics, the methodology page explains each of the data points and provides their respective sources.